This is a complete JLPT N4 particle list of every beginner Japanese particle you must know.
Japanese particles, 助詞 (joshi), are suffixes or short words in Japanese grammar that immediately follow the modified noun, verb, adjective, or sentence.
Some are are similar to prepositions in English, though there is a wide variety of different uses and meanings.
Click on any of the links in the list for a full lesson with more detailed grammar information & examples of each particle.
Download PDF of N4 particles list (for members only)
JLPT N4 Particles Complete Study Guide
| # | Romaji | Japanese | Grammar Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ba | ば | conditional form; If [A] then [B] | N4 |
| 2 | bakari | ばかり | only; nothing but ~ | N4 |
| 3 | demo | でも | ... or something; how about~ | N4 |
| 4 | ka shira | かしら | I wonder (feminine) | N4 |
| 5 | kai | かい | turns a sentence into a yes/no question | N4 |
| 6 | kana | かな | I wonder; should I? | N4 |
| 7 | mo | も | as many as; as much as; up to; nearly ~ | N4 |
| 8 | na | な | don’t ~ (order somebody to not do something) | N4 |
| 9 | nado | など | such as; things like ~ | N4 |
| 10 | nagara | ながら | while; during; as; simultaneously | N4 |
| 11 | nara | なら | if; in the case that ~ | N4 |
| 12 | noni | のに | to (do something); in order to ~ | N4 |
| 13 | noni | のに | although, in spite of, even though ~ | N4 |
| 14 | nowa~da | のは〜だ | [A] is [B]; the reason for [A] is [B] | N4 |
| 15 | shi | し | and; and what’s more ~ (emphasis) | N4 |
| 16 | ta bakari | たばかり | just finished; something just occurred | N4 |
| 17 | tara | たら | if; after; when ~ | N4 |
| 18 | te / de | て / で | conjunctive particle; so; because of [A], [B]... | N4 |
| 19 | temo | ても | even; even if; even though ~ | N4 |
| 20 | to | と | whenever [A] happens, [B] also happens | N4 |
| 21 | to iu | という | called; named; that ~ | N4 |
| 22 | toka~toka | とか～とか | among other things; such as; like ~ | N4 |
| 23 | tte | って | named; called ~ | N4 |
| 24 | yori | より | than; rather than; more than ~ | N4 |
Total JLPT N4 Particles Lessons (24)
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